Flooring: types, components of manufacture, application

During the construction or repair of a house or apartment, as a rule, the floor is the last to be laid. This is the final chord of construction, so special demands are placed on the floors.

Where are the floors laid?

Typically, flooring is carried out in the following rooms:

In the hallways;
In the bathrooms;
In the kitchens;
On balconies or loggias;
In the living rooms.

It is clear that each room has its own purpose, and therefore the floor coverings there must be different. It is very important to decide which floor is the best for each of these rooms.

Types of Coatings

Coating options are currently many. Any catalog can offer an impressive list of varieties:

Batten;
Laminate;
Linoleum;
Parquet;
Tile;
Carpet;
Marmoleum;
Cork flooring;
Bulk floor.

Only the main, that is, the most commonly used varieties are listed here.

Overview of the main types of flooring

To know what type of coating is best for a particular room, you should know for comparison the main properties and characteristics of the proposed options:

Batten. It is made of pine, spruce, fir. The finished floor is usually varnished or painted. Such a floor is environmentally friendly, durable, caring for it is simple. Disadvantages: the range of plank flooring on the market is not rich, and its design is very uniform.
Laminate. This flooring differs in terms of its classification. There is a laminate of low classes (21-23 class) and high classes (31-33 class). Usually in living rooms a laminate of lower classes is more appropriate, and in office rooms (corridor, kitchen, etc.) - a laminate of high classes. This coating is easy to install. It’s easy to care for such a floor. In addition, the market can offer a huge selection of all kinds of colors for this type of coating. The main disadvantage of the laminate is its low environmental friendliness, since it is made with an admixture of all kinds of varnishes and impregnations.
Linoleum. This type of coating is sold in rolls as well as tiles. It is necessary to lay linoleum on the prepared surface with the use of glue. Linoleum is prepared from rubber, alkyd resins, nitrocellulose and polyvinyl chloride. This coating is easy to clean, it is resistant to wear. Its disadvantage is low environmental quality.
Parquet. These are individual planks made of valuable wood, which are laid on the surface with glue. Parquet is an environmentally friendly and durable coating. Its drawback is the paucity of design: nothing but colors for natural wood is on the market today.
Carpet. This coating is done using natural and artificial components. The coating is slightly polluted, and its service life is long. Stacked, like linoleum. Its advantages: a large list of colors, environmental friendliness. Disadvantages: poorly tolerates moisture, difficulty in care.
Ceramic tile. This coating is glued to the concrete screed. Advantages of the coating: durability, environmental friendliness, tile is easy to care for. As disadvantages, it can be noted that it is quite difficult to stack. In addition, it is easily injured.
Marmoleum. It is made exclusively from natural ingredients: flaxseed, jute and hemp fibers with the addition of wood flour and resin, as well as vegetable oils. This coating is painted exclusively with natural paints. Advantages: this coating is easy to install, long-lasting, resistant to water, and most importantly - it is completely environmentally friendly. Of the disadvantages, only a hard coating surface can be noted, which can lead to injury.
Bulk (liquid) floors. They are made on the basis of polyurethane, epoxy, methyl methacrylate and cement-acrylic resins. The most environmentally friendly of them are cement-acrylic floors. The most diverse design is for epoxy floors. Such floors serve for a long time, they are resistant to chemicals, all kinds of solvents and machine oils. However, they are not ergonomic and difficult to mount.
Cork floors. Made from pressed bark of balsa wood. These floors are well insulating sound, environmentally friendly, varied in terms of colors. After deformation, they restore their original shape. However, they are difficult to mount and are sensitive to moisture.

Flooring, marmoleum, parquet, carpet, cork usually cover the floors in living rooms, bedrooms, children's rooms. For bathrooms, ceramics are good. Self-leveling floors are indispensable in the garage. Linoleum or laminate - in the kitchen or in the hallway.